Introducing the Felysian language   ---------------------------------     Should you be going to try and learn it, be prepared to face something that never had any contacts   with terrestrial languages. Felysian language syntax is therefore something you might have never   met before. Willing to (rather forcely) compare this language to a human language, in the hope it   could help figuring its general look and feel, its nearest parent could be found in Latin. Which,   unfortunately, is actually a dead language, so I'm not sure this could really help anyway.   To give an even better idea, although still very approximated, you could picture the way Felysians   talk by imagining French people trying to speak Latin (as if one could ever imagine that, sorry).     Felysian shares mostly a couple things with Latin: the quite pure sound of its simple phonemes   (although nobody could really be sure about how Latin sounded at the times it was really used),   and the fact that no matter how you sort the words in a period, the period's meaning survives.   In english, if you tried saying:     - I am a good writer   - am I a good writer   - a writer I good am     you would obtain, in turn: a statement, a question, and a sentence that doesn't make sense.   In Felysian, this never happens: you can mix the words as much as you like, but the sentence   will keep having one (and only one) meaning. In effects, the above would translate to:     - emeva jujit eriolemis     To understand which, you'd need a deep look at the rest of this language course, but to give   you an idea of how things go, here's a synthetic point-by-point translation of the above:     em + eva = em (I, the subject), eva (am, identity receiver) = I am   juj + it = juj (optimal result, perfection), it (as an adjective) = good, perfect   eriol + emi + s = eriol (written document), emi (identity giver), s (as a function) = writer     ...whereas the verb "to be" doesn't really appear in the sentence: it's implicitly stated by   a couple "functional transformers", being the (e)va and (e)mi suffixes, of which the initial   vowel "e" is to be included only if the word's radix ends by a consonant (em, the pronoun that   marks the subject, and eriol, the noun marking the object-property, both end by a consonant);   so you have an assignment (I = written document). But that's still not it: I'm not saying I'm   a written document, I'm saying I'm a writer. And here comes the terminal "s", precisating   that the noun "written document" is intended as "whose function is making written documents".   We understand that "jujit" (the adjective deriving from the noun "juj", ie. "perfection") is   refering to the subject because there isn't a real object within the sentence.     Because of this property of the language, the order of words is completely arbitrary, and it's   often chosen basing on the combination that sounds better, or at least avoiding use of two   consecutive words ending and starting by the same phoneme. From the above, you could write:     - emeva eriolemis jujit     ...and it would still mean the same thing (I'm a good writer), only the "a" at the end of the   composite word "emeva" may slightly conflict with the "e" at the beginning of "eriolemis"; it   wouldn't be a real problem, but as long as words can be scrambled in any ways, if I *really*   wanted to be a good writer, I'd tend to avoid such a contrast, when possible.     However, there's a few exceptions to the possible permutations of words: in lists, list   elements must follow each other, and are joined by a special conjunction ("ajt"), and the   same applies to the rest of the "group delimiters". Plus, there are conventions concerning   the positioning of a couple phrasal accessories: "us" and "ar". Accessory "us" is a word   that, when it appears in a period, makes the period a question, and by convention, "us" is   almost always placed at the very beginning of the period; alternatively, it appears as soon   as possible, as soon as the following word doesn't start by an "s", for eg.     - us soil at er vam (can you move?)     although it's a gramatically correct sentence, its words are sorted very uncommonly;   "us soil" would sound bad, so you'd feel rather compelled to *at least* use:     - soil us at er vam     but apart from that, you'll also find that "at" is used to indicate that the verb ("soil")   is intended as an infinite action (without "at", "soil" means "moving", and not "to move"),   and such "temporal indicators" are typically placed before the verb, so you'd rather have:     - us at soil er vam     but furthermore, in most cases Felysians tend to indicate the subject before anything else,   except the "us" question marker, and the subject here is "er" (singular "you"); you have:     - us er at soil vam     As long as we're analyzing that sample sentence, note that verbs are descending from nouns   (soi = movement, soil = moving), with the aid of suffix "-l", or "-il" when the noun ends   by a consonant, but the so-obtained verb is, by default of temporal specificators, some   sort of present continuous form, and indicates an action that "keeps happening". Thus, be   aware that if you wrote:     - us er soil vam     removing the "at" specificator, that would mean: "could you be moving?".         Alphabet and phonemes   ---------------------     H/F, T, K, L, R, V, D, O, C, U, A, S, E, J, Y/i, M     As a general rule, remember that no letter can be coupled with itself, within the same word,   ie. they cannot repeat consecutively, there cannot be combinations like "tt", "oo", "mm", etc.     Second general rule: there is a perfect identity between sign and phoneme, whereas the same sign   always produces the same phoneme. The sound of letters never changes depending on their position.     H/F, translitterated as "h", is also the most similar sound to human phoneme "f"; it's a hissing   sound laying between an "h" and a "f". Worst of all, because Felysians' phonetic apparatus is   partly calcified, this sound is a vowel, so it can be often found between two consonants, making   it difficult to even simulate the combination. Anyway, most probably "H/F" cannot be emitted   correctly by humans, so don't mind and consider it legal to approximate this with either some sort   of hissing, or with a bare "h" the way it sounds, for instance, in "hell".     K replaces C whenever it would have a hard sound, as in "call", but don't make it sound too hard,   because it really isn't harder than a "c", eg. you will read "hukar" as if it was really "hucar";   the fact that it's translittered to K doesn't make it a true "K", it's a K vs. C disambiguation.     L is almost normal, only Felysians tend to make it stand out, emphasizing it as if it was "LL";     O always open, as in "on", and never as in "oven".     A always very open, as the "o" in "out".     E always as in "empty", never as in "thermometer".     I, or Y, whatever it's translitterated to (but preferably to "i"), always as in "innocent".     U always sounds as, for eg., the "oo" combination in "book", "moon", etc, only shorter.     R always sounds quite soft, liquid, much like in french. Tip: imagine replacing it with "rh".     C is soft, similar to the "ch" in "search", absolutely never as in "coward", "camera" (that's K).     J is also very soft, the way French people would read it in "jamais": you will learn Felysians do   weird things with this phoneme, and probably find rather hard to pronounce it the way it's joined   to other letters in words, and that's because J isn't exactly a vowel for Felysians, but it's   almost as such; it takes so little effort for them to create this sound, that they'll mindlessly   place it where humans would rarely do.     At this point, I wonder if you're finding Felysians' phonetics somehow more advanced than humans'.   Well, if you are, you're absolutely wrong: humans are much more versatile than Felysians, in this   field. It's true that there's some aspects of the Felysian language that will make it sound weird,   and occasionally impossible to a human, but on the other hand, for instance, Felysians could in no   way pronounce human labials (B and P), quite obviously because they have no big, versatile lips.   They also couldn't pronounce "closed vowels" (like the aforementioned "o" as in "oven"), as well   as the hard kind of "g" (as it sounds in "game"). In short, while a human could successfully (or   almost successfully) imitate a Felysian, the contrary is very unlikely to be possible.         Pronunciation Keys   ------------------     1) Felysian is a rather synthetic language: because its periods are often quite short, it doesn't      take much time to read them; therefore, a certain amount of time is intentionally left between      words, to make them clearly sound like individual words. When you find spaces, you must pause:      I don't mean you ought to pause as much as you'd do for a comma, but still avoid mixing sounds      where a word ends and another begins.     2) Mark all vowels and all consonants clearly, and emphasize them equally: don't make them too      long, or ridiculously hard, but on the other hand don't make them almost muted, or too short.         To be, To have   --------------     This may sound extremely weird, but these two verbs do not exist in Felysian.   They are replaced by the connection between words operated by functional transformers.         Grammar Basics   --------------     For this matter, I'm using the term "period" to describe a single sentence, delimited by punctuators   or conjunctions. In this optic, "I am I and you are you" contains two periods, delimited by "and".     The term "subject" indicates the source of action (the noun to which the period's verb refers to), while   the term "object" indicates a noun that plays a passive part in the sentence. In "I like water", there's   a subject, "I", and an object, "water".     This is a relatively simple case: "I like water" in Felysian is formed by a pronoun that makes the subject,   being "em", a verb indicating what happens ("like", being translated to "at matel"), and an object, "tiat",   which means "water". So you have:     - em at matel tiat     There's no particular problems in that sentence, because as a first thing to learn, pronouns used alone will   always consitute the subject of a period. "em" is a subject in Felysian for the same reason that makes "I" a   subject in English: it's a pronoun indicating a person.     Would a Felysian say that so? No, probably not, although the above example would be grammatically correct.   In Felysian, there's a number of painful conventions about subjects and objects, and one of these says that   when the subject is "I" (the speaker), the subject can be omitted, being considered an "implicit subject".   One would therefore say: "at matel tiat". So for the next example I'd better take a different subject.     - ir at matel sesias     Literally, it means "nobody likes to be a cryer", and more pratically means "nobody likes crying".   Pronoun "ir" (nobody, no sentient lifeform) is the subject there: of course it must be specified because the   subject doesn't match the speaker. Even in this case there's no difficulty identifying where is the subject   and where is the object: the object is the act of crying, encoded as "sesias", the "profession" of crying.     The problem comes when I have to say "nobody likes you": both "nobody" (ir) and "you" (er) are pronouns, so   which one is the subject? In English, as well as in many terrestrial languages, the sequence in which words   are found determines their role. In Felysian, this isn't possible, so the subject must be identified in some   other way, and here comes a special suffix: "ar", which becomes "jar" when the noun ends by a vowel.   Therefore, "nobody likes you" becomes:     - irar at matel er     ...earning the advantage that if I said "er at matel irar", I would be saying the same thing, while if I said   "you like nobody" in English, the meaning would be completely lost in favor of a completely different one.               [(j)ar]: subjectivizer, forcing to refer to subject instead of object, when necessary     [pronoun]: may be extended with a pronoun to indicate relationship, if necessary       Yes, especially the "subjectivizer" needs detailed explanations: because in Felysian you don't have to     place words in a precise sequence, subjects and objects might be always recognized no matter where they     appear in the sentence. For this purpose, here comes a set of short rules, together making up the general     behavior of subjects and objects: I'd call this behavior the "Rule of Subjects". Here's the said rules:       1) in a period, there may be one subject and one object, or the sole subject, but no other combinations,        so you can't have more than one subject and/or more than one object within the same period, although        periods having no subject are possible and allowable, when no precise subject is in fact necessary.     2) when a period contains an object, any transformed nouns refer, by default of the "subjectivizer", to        the object; they will refer to the subject only if they're properly subjectivized by the "ar" suffix,        which is also appended to the subject's noun (indicating it as the subject).     3) when a period contains no object, the subject is the sole noun or pronoun appearing there: consider        that when more nouns appear in periods, their role will be determined by functional transformers;        because there's no object, transformed nouns will implicitly refer to the subject: it's theoretically        legal to "subjectivize" them, but it's pratically considered very weird, childish, if not ridiculous.       Example: period with subject and object.     - valasar at mial veris = Valas (Balastrackonastreya) lights Veris (Felysia)         Subjective Pronouns (I, You, He...),   also Ownership Transformers (of mine, of yours, of his...)   ----------------------------------------------------------     nullifiers:     (-)ir: nobody, no sentient lifeform     (-)ij: no lifeform     (-)ik: nothing     singulars:     (-)em: I (speaker, most often omitted)     (-)er: you (listener)     (-)el: he/she (third person)     (-)et: it (1, applies to live subject, but no sentient lifeform)     (-)ek: it (2, applies to object, not a lifeform)     plurals:     (-)om: we (speakers)     (-)or: you (listeners)     (-)ol: they (third persons)     (-)ot: them (1, applies to live subject, but no sentient lifeform)     (-)ok: them (2, applies to object, not a lifeform)     superplurals:     (-)ur: a generic "everyone" (typically, every entity of the speaker's kind)     (-)uj: every lifeform     (-)uk: everything         Quantifiers   -----------     * in absence of quantifier, an object's noun means a singular exemplary of that object,     for countables, or a generic reference to the object, for uncountables     -e: appended to cardinal number, indicates precise amount of subjects     - ol sise = the two (sis) of them (ol)     -i: appended to cardinal number, indicates precise amount of objects     - urih amam sari = everyone has four legs     - irih amam hlikari = nobody has five legs     ksi(m)-: none of, or a null amount of the entity indicated by the noun     - ksitiat = no water     - ksijeam = no stars     - ksimalva = no vehicles     - ksimiase = no interstellar space, absence of interstellar space     ei(s)-: an absolutely unknown amount of (and eventually a plurality, yet countable)     - eisada = hands, one or more than one (maybe two, maybe one million)     - eijeam = stars, one or more than one (maybe two, maybe one million)     jr(i)-: a few, a little amount of (countable only)     - jralva = a few vehicles     - jrijeam = a few stars     tm(i)-: an average amount of (as expected within the context), or a few of an uncountable entity     - tmijeam = an average amount of stars (countable, so meaning average, expectable, amount of)     - tmiase = some interstellar space (uncountable, so meaning "a few, some, interstellar space")     eu(d)-: many, a large amount of     - eujeam = many stars     - euderio = many (written) documents     - eudiase = "many interstellar space", so this, just like in english, is wrong, it's an error     aj(i)-: the whole of, or a large quantity of an uncountable entity     - ajalva = all vehicles     - ajijeam = all stars     - ajiase = much interstellar space ("much", as it is an uncountable object)         Functional Transformers: Verb (implicitly refering to subject)   --------------------------------------------------------------     -(i)l: verb, action (water -> to wash)     transforms noun into explanatory verb (by default of accessories, to a present continuous form)     - isil = being the centre of (isil alva verisim = felysian navy central)     - talsil = being saluting         Functional Transformers: Intransitive (that cannot refer to subject)   --------------------------------------------------------------------     -(i)m: owned-by possessive   -(i)h: owner-of possessive (can be omitted when owner is period's subject)     - alvam tarsisih = (a) vehicle that belongs to Tarsis (Parsis)     - tarsisim valih = Tarsis' (Parsis') mother (Parsis belongs to his mother as a son)     -(e)mi[t+pronoun]: bilateral identity giver   -(e)va[t+pronoun]: bilateral identity receiver     used together, they establish an identity (A is B)     - verisemi ajalevatom = Felysia (is) our home     -(i)tal[pronoun]: comparatively equal to     - iatetalem iatetaler = my territory (is) as large as yours     - iatetalem er = em iatetaler = typical contractions of the above     -(i)sas[pronoun]: comparatively less than   -(i)ram[pronoun]: comparatively greater than     indicates superlative (ie. the most, the least) if no comparison term is given     - emiram erisas = I (am) more than you (imprecise, but supposedly more aged, older)     - emiram er = em erisas = typical contractions of the above     - miat valasiram = the brightest star (well, in the Felysian sky) (is) Valas (Balastrackonastreya)         Functional Transformers: Transitive (that may refer to subject)   ---------------------------------------------------------------     -(i)[(j)ar]t[pronoun]: adjective (water -> wet)     transforms noun into adjective inheriting noun's characteristics, or related to the noun     - alva iaset = interplanetary vehicle     -(i)[(j)ar]v[pronoun]: transitional agent, method     agent: who, or what, performs the action indicated by the verb (water -> by water)     method: via which the action, indicated by the verb, is performed (water -> with water)     - er adav eriol = you (are) writing with (an/your) hand, you are handwriting     -(i)[(j)ar]s[pronoun]: functional agent (water -> made for washing)     indicates scope of application, profession, typical use     - ereva amdarsavemis = you (are) (a) leader     - ereva amdarsavemisom = you (are) (our) leader     -(i)[(j)ar]de[m+pronoun]:     indicates noun as a source of the action (from...)     - (emih) alvam siet soil veriside = my interstellar vehicle is coming from Felysia     -(i)[(j)ar]je[m+pronoun]:     indicates noun as a destination of the action (to...)     - us erih alvam siet soil verisije = is your interstellar vehicle going to Felysia?     - alva siet soil veriside femiaje = (an) interstellar vehicle is travelling from Felysia to Fenia     -(i)[(j)ar]si[m+pronoun]:     indicates noun as the location of the subject (in/at...)     - alva siet verisisi = interstellar vehicle located at Felysia     - us or femiasi = do you (a plural "you") live (usually stay) around Fenia?, are you from Fenia?     -(i)[(j)ar]ji[m+pronoun]:     indicates noun as the medium throught which the action is performed     - er soil iaseji = you are moving throught interplanetary space     - el amal iatejimer = he/she's walking across your territory         Temporal Indicators   -------------------     Typically, they come before verbs, although as for any other words in a period, they can appear anywhere.   Beware that they are always separate words. You don't write "utimjul": you will write "ut imjul" (eaten).     es: that has never really been and will never be, that is intrinsically impossible   hv: that has always been, until now   im: far past   ut: recent past   at: infinite, non-continuous present   ej: imaginary present   ri: near future   am: far future   ro: that will always be, from now on   oh: that has always been, and will always be (eternity)         Phrasal Accessories   -------------------     us:     question marker     od:     negation (not)     ar:     indicates reflexive actions     hle:     involountary conditional (would but could not)     vam:     volountary conditional (could but will not)         Basic Group Delimiters (conjunctions, disjunctions, punctuators)   ----------------------------------------------------------------     ast:     final period (omitted if no more periods follow)     ajt:     subjects/objects list joiner (A ajt B ajt C = a list of the form: A, B and C)     hav:     exclusion list delimiter (1 hav 2 hav 3 = neither 1 nor 2 nor 3)     hie:     additive "and" (1 hie 2 hie 3 = 1 and 2 and 3)     note in Felysian there is no distinction between "and" and "but", both translating to "hie"     eit:     additive inclusive "or" (1 eit 2 eit 3 = 1 or 2 or 3)     kir:     additive exclusive "or" (1 kir 2 kir 3 = 1 or 2 or 3, but strictly only one of them)     jal:     major "and" (1 eit 2 jal 3 = 1 or 2 and 3, meaning 1 or 2 or both of them, AND, apart from those, 3)     tet:     major inclusive "or" (1 hie 2 tet 3 = 1 and 2 or 3, meaning 1 and 2 together or, alternatively, 3)     est:     major exclusive "or" (1 hie 2 est 3 = 1 and 2 or 3, meaning 1 and 2 together or, alternatively, 3, but not 1 or 2 and 3)     example showing differences between additive and major delimiters, not fully translated for more clearance:     I will buy it if [(it's red) eit (it's yellow)] jal (it's cheap enough) =     I will buy it if it's red or yellow, and if (providing one of the former is true) it's cheap enough.         Complex Group Delimiters   ------------------------     These are for the most part, what a human would call "adverbs".   Felysians obviously have no reason to call them so, and their grammatical classification   assimilates them to a special set of conjunctions. In fact, the term "adverb" describes   a word that's supposed to come "before the verb", but Felysians don't place the following   components necessarily before their verbs: they may appear anywhere in a sentence, more or   less in the same way and for the same purposes humans would use them. Also note that they   are composed by two words which represent another slight exception to the rule of arbitrary   words order: the words composing these "adverbs" are supposed to be considered as one word,   and never separated. Lastly, they also except the typical pause between words: no short   pause is requested between the two components of the following "adverbs".     Oh, postscript: they are considered a particular kind of conjunctions, and in Felysian, no   conjunction should be coupled with another (right before, right after). So it's illegal to   literally translate, for instance: "hie amter dah" to mean "and in the meantime". You will   only write "amter dah". Remember: that's a true grammatical error, you have no choice.     ei jai:     being, given that [...]     va jei:     [...] thus, therefore     hsed it:     [...] because... (causal in assertions, investigative in questions)     amter dah:     [...] meanwhile [...]     jehm esi:     [...] or, alternatively [...]     tej vej:     interiection: "well" [...]         Cardinal Numbers   ----------------     Felysians' arithmetics is positional (like human's), but it's base 5, not base 10.   Rather than tens, they have "fives"; rather than "hundreds", they have "twentyfives"...     counting forward:     felysian        0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 30, 31, 32, 33...   human           0, 1, 2, 3, 4,  5,  6,  7,  8,  9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18...     single digit nouns:     kar: zero   hlis: one   sis: two   hur: three   sar: four     literal readout of two-digit numbers:     - basically, there's a collapse of first digit's final consonant   - if second digit is 1 (hlis), the initial "h" is also collapsed   - if second digit is 3 (hur), the initial "h" is replaced by "j"     hlikar:         "10" (one-zero, meaning 5, five)   hlilis:         "11" (one-one, meaning 6, six)   hlisis:         "12" (one-two, meaning 7, seven)   hlijur:         "13" (one-three, meaning 8, eight)   hlisar:         "14" (one-four, meaning 9, nine)   sikar:          "20" (two-zero, meaning 10, ten)   silis:          "21" (two-one, meaning 11, eleven)   sisis:          "22" (two-two, meaning 12, twelve)   sijur:          "23" (two-three, meaning 13, thirteen)   sisar:          "24" (two-four, meaning 14, fourteen)   hukar:          "30" (three-zero, meaning 15, fifteen)   hulis:          "31" (three-one, meaning 16, sixteen)   husis:          "32" (three-two, maning 17, seventeen)   hujur:          "33" (three-three, meaning 18, eighteen)   husar:          "34" (three-four, meaning 19, nineteen)   sakar:          "40" (four-zero, meaning 20, twenty)   salis:          "41" (four-one, meaning 21, twenty-one)   sasis:          "42" (four-two, meaning 22, twenty-two)   sajur:          "43" (four-three, meaning 23, twenty-three)   sasar:          "44" (four-four, meaning 24, twenty-four)     literal readout of three-digit numbers:     amja:           "100" (one-zero-zero, meaning 25, twenty-five)   amjalikar:      "101" (one-zero-one, meaning 26, twenty-six)           Analysis of several of the above sample phrases                                                 Point-by-point translation   --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------     us er at soil vam = can you move?       vam = volountary conditional                                                                  can     er = subject                                                                                  you     at, soi + l = verb                                                                            to move     us = question marker                                                                          ?     us er soil vam = could you be moving?       vam = volountary conditional                                                                  could     er = subject                                                                                  you     soi + l = verb                                                                                moving     us = question marker                                                                          ?     ol sise = the two of them       sis + e = number (two) of subjects (e)                                                        two of     ol = subject                                                                                  them     urih amam sari = everyone has four legs       ur + ih = subject (everyone) and owner (ih)                                                   everyone has     sar + i = number (four) of objects (i)                                                        four     ama + m = object (leg) that's being owned (m)                                                 legs     irih amam hlikari = nobody has five legs       ir + ih = subject (nobody) and owner (ih)                                                     nobody has     hlikar + i = number (five) of objects (i)                                                     five     ama + m = object (leg) that's being owned (m)                                                 legs     er adav eriol = you (are) writing with (a) hand, you are handwriting       er = subject                                                                                  you     erio + l = verb                                                                               writing     ada + v = method                                                                              with hand     alvam siet soil veriside = (my) interstellar vehicle is coming from Felysia       em + ih = implicit subject complement, composed by implicit pronoun (em) and owner (ih)       my     sie + t = noun (interstellar space) used as adjective (t)                                     interstellar     alva + m = object (vehicle) that's being owned (m)                                            vehicle     soi + l = verb (is moving)                                                                    is coming     veris + (i) + de = noun (Felysia) representing the starting point of the action (de)          from Felysia     us erih alvam siet soil verisije = is your interstellar vehicle going to Felysia?       er + ih = subject (you) and owner (ih)                                                        your     sie + t = noun (interstellar space) used as adjective (t)                                     interstellar     alva + m = object (vehicle) that's being owned (m)                                            vehicle     soi + l = verb (is moving)                                                                    is going     veris + (i) + je = noun (Felysia) representing the ending point of the action (je)            to Felysia     us = question marker                                                                          ?     us or femiasi = do you stay at Fenia? (are you from Fenia?)       or = subject (plural you)                                                                     you (plural)     femiasi = noun (Fenia) representing the place where the phrase takes place                    stay at Fenia     us = question marker                                                                          ?         Dictionary of Nouns, and their Conventional Verbal Forms   --------------------------------------------------------     ada:     hand (Felysians have four)     - adal: manipulating     ajal:     home, place in which you live     ama:     leg (Felysians have four)     - amal: walking     alva:     single-driver vehicle     - alval: shipping (becoming a passenger of, loading stuff on)     amdarsav:     leading (person), front part of sth.     valas:     original form of Balastrackonastreya, and by extension, home star     erio:     written document     jeam:     star     juj:     optimal result, perfection     iate:     space (generic)     iase:     space (interplanetary)     imju:     food     isi:     centre (of an organization)     mia:     light     mate:     preference     - matel: to like, to prefer     tals:     generic salutation     tiat:     water     sesia:     teardrop     note: yes, weird enough, but they can cry, and very similar to the way humans do, that is,     by repeately sighing and squinting their eyes, producing teardrops; they don't cry because     of physical pain, but they do when they feel very bad inside (mentally, in a tragic mood).     sie:     space (interstellar)     soi:     movement, continuous change of position     val:     mother     veris:     home planet, and by convention, namely Felysia         Sample translation of Ryan J. Bury's introduction to Noctis   -----------------------------------------------------------     Noctis: the latin word for "night", and the title of this simulator.   Night, after all, is just the word we use to describe the absence of light while the Earth is turned away   from the sun, and in space, there is no light but the distant pinpricks of ancient stars.   Space is a lonely place, but it harbours some truly spectacular secrets; eerily glowing pulsars,   enormous red giants, glittering, beautiful nebulae, and deadly, all-consuming singularities to name but a few.   For most people, the thought of going into space and exploring such sights is an impossible dream.   But no longer; Noctis allows you to do just that. In technical terms, it is a fully 3D galaxy,   which allows you to explore thousands of stars, their planets and moons.   From the moment you first play Noctis, you'll be hooked.