1 00:00:03,220 --> 00:00:09,050 have you ever dined on fungus well if 2 00:00:06,859 --> 00:00:11,589 you've eaten mushrooms you have when 3 00:00:09,050 --> 00:00:14,359 Marco Polo returned to Venice in 12.95 4 00:00:11,589 --> 00:00:16,969 after spending 24 years in the Far East 5 00:00:14,359 --> 00:00:19,998 he brought back with him Chinese pasta 6 00:00:16,969 --> 00:00:22,908 noodles pasta became popular so quickly 7 00:00:19,998 --> 00:00:25,038 that by the 15th century it occupied a 8 00:00:22,908 --> 00:00:27,710 prime position in Italian cooking in 9 00:00:25,039 --> 00:00:31,130 this same era commercial production 10 00:00:27,710 --> 00:00:33,829 began in Naples Italians today favored 11 00:00:31,129 --> 00:00:39,679 macaronis and raviolis with garlic and 12 00:00:33,829 --> 00:00:42,000 cheese every sticker begins with the 13 00:00:39,679 --> 00:00:44,250 work of art 14 00:00:42,000 --> 00:00:46,619 the artist transfers the image to a 15 00:00:44,250 --> 00:00:49,700 computer and manipulates it until the 16 00:00:46,619 --> 00:00:49,699 desired effect is achieved 17 00:00:53,579 --> 00:01:00,820 next a sheet of photopolymer goes on to 18 00:00:57,039 --> 00:01:02,920 an exposure machine the technician 19 00:01:00,820 --> 00:01:04,618 places a negative of the art on top of 20 00:01:02,920 --> 00:01:08,320 the photopolymer sheet 21 00:01:04,618 --> 00:01:11,829 he pulls plastic over the two and closes 22 00:01:08,319 --> 00:01:14,709 the machine's lid inside a vacuum pulls 23 00:01:11,829 --> 00:01:17,079 the negative to the photopolymer intense 24 00:01:14,709 --> 00:01:20,669 ultraviolet light transfers the art to 25 00:01:17,079 --> 00:01:20,670 the photopolymer in seconds 26 00:01:30,450 --> 00:01:36,140 it collects in a bin ready for the next 27 00:01:32,819 --> 00:01:36,139 step called beating the rag 28 00:01:37,859 --> 00:01:43,049 workers pour out the chopped up rag into 29 00:01:40,560 --> 00:01:45,260 a tub called a Hollander that is filling 30 00:01:43,049 --> 00:01:45,259 with water 31 00:01:46,019 --> 00:01:49,048 this machine beats the material into a 32 00:01:48,478 --> 00:01:52,019 pulp 33 00:01:49,049 --> 00:01:54,450 it's only moving part a large roll 34 00:01:52,019 --> 00:01:57,658 weighing several tons equipped with 35 00:01:54,450 --> 00:02:00,140 metal blades workers fill the Hollander 36 00:01:57,659 --> 00:02:03,240 with up to eight hundred pounds of brass 37 00:02:00,140 --> 00:02:05,968 once all the rag is in the giant roll 38 00:02:03,239 --> 00:02:08,489 descends to begin the beating water 39 00:02:05,968 --> 00:02:12,299 pours down to soak the fabric as workers 40 00:02:08,489 --> 00:02:14,610 push it toward the roll the Machine now 41 00:02:12,299 --> 00:02:18,319 switches to a milling cutter this tool 42 00:02:14,610 --> 00:02:18,319 shapes the countersinks four blades 43 00:02:21,250 --> 00:02:25,870 a cross drilling tool bores a hole for 44 00:02:24,520 --> 00:02:28,600 the two screws that will hold the 45 00:02:25,870 --> 00:02:31,810 countersink to the drill a tap cuts 46 00:02:28,599 --> 00:02:33,579 threads into the hole next the tool 47 00:02:31,810 --> 00:02:35,939 called a dovetail cutter sharpens the 48 00:02:33,580 --> 00:02:35,940 blades 49 00:02:36,639 --> 00:02:47,949 then finally a cutout played removes the 50 00:02:39,280 --> 00:02:50,289 tool the same machine makes plug cutters 51 00:02:47,949 --> 00:02:52,239 its Center drill makes a starting hole 52 00:02:50,289 --> 00:02:54,459 but this time the main drill doesn't 53 00:02:52,240 --> 00:02:56,280 bore right through it stops at the depth 54 00:02:54,459 --> 00:02:58,719 at the plug cutter is designed to cut 55 00:02:56,280 --> 00:03:00,669 just as before the rough turning tool 56 00:02:58,719 --> 00:03:12,009 shapes the body and the milling cutter 57 00:03:00,669 --> 00:03:17,738 sculpts the four blades a robot arm then 58 00:03:12,009 --> 00:03:19,539 places each bag into a cardboard box the 59 00:03:17,739 --> 00:03:22,209 printing on this package displays the 60 00:03:19,539 --> 00:03:23,799 company logo the nutritional content the 61 00:03:22,209 --> 00:03:26,289 production date and the heating 62 00:03:23,800 --> 00:03:28,570 instructions so next time you're looking 63 00:03:26,289 --> 00:03:31,530 for a salty snack don't tie yourself up 64 00:03:28,569 --> 00:03:34,750 in knots just have a pretzel instead 65 00:03:31,530 --> 00:03:37,209 here graphic artists adapt hand drawings 66 00:03:34,750 --> 00:03:41,189 of the face cards add in color and a 67 00:03:37,209 --> 00:03:41,189 touch of regal clasp wherever needed 68 00:03:41,879 --> 00:03:44,979 the next step is to make the printing 69 00:03:44,439 --> 00:03:47,530 plates 70 00:03:44,979 --> 00:03:49,659 a computer-guided laser etches the 71 00:03:47,530 --> 00:03:53,110 design into the polymer surface of the 72 00:03:49,659 --> 00:03:57,239 printing plate entirely automated this 73 00:03:53,110 --> 00:03:57,239 machine produces 30 plates an hour 74 00:03:59,539 --> 00:04:01,598 you 75 00:04:05,219 --> 00:04:10,680 to set up for a print run workers pour 76 00:04:08,159 --> 00:04:15,329 several cans of thick cyan ink into the 77 00:04:10,680 --> 00:04:17,790 ink duct the three other colors same set 78 00:04:15,330 --> 00:04:20,370 up when the printing press gets rolling 79 00:04:17,790 --> 00:04:24,720 each fountain will disperse in evenly 80 00:04:20,370 --> 00:04:26,790 via 16 rollers feeders transport the 81 00:04:24,720 --> 00:04:29,090 cardboard sheets one by one into the 82 00:04:26,790 --> 00:04:29,090 press 83 00:04:31,029 --> 00:04:37,429 each printing plate is mounted on a 84 00:04:33,439 --> 00:04:41,240 rotating drum rollers transfer the ink 85 00:04:37,430 --> 00:04:45,740 table and now butterflies are formed 86 00:04:41,240 --> 00:04:49,850 this mold cut 7,500 of them a minute for 87 00:04:45,740 --> 00:04:53,660 a total of 450,000 an hour the sheet of 88 00:04:49,850 --> 00:04:55,639 dough is 2 feet wide it is produced in a 89 00:04:53,660 --> 00:04:59,540 steady stream and goes right to the 90 00:04:55,639 --> 00:05:02,569 cutting mold the butterflies fall onto 91 00:04:59,540 --> 00:05:04,900 this conveyor to dry somewhat then they 92 00:05:02,569 --> 00:05:07,310 head toward the next production step 93 00:05:04,899 --> 00:05:09,620 certain short pastas such as these 94 00:05:07,310 --> 00:05:12,050 butterflies and fusilli x' have to be 95 00:05:09,620 --> 00:05:14,470 dried so they're then put into this full 96 00:05:12,050 --> 00:05:14,470 dryer 97 00:05:15,319 --> 00:05:22,610 coming out of the dryer the pastas are 98 00:05:17,838 --> 00:05:24,709 hard and ready for packaging here we see 99 00:05:22,610 --> 00:05:27,889 the ever-popular spaghetti is being made 100 00:05:24,709 --> 00:05:33,288 as with lasagnas spaghetti czar also 101 00:05:27,889 --> 00:05:35,449 dried vertically now this automated 102 00:05:33,288 --> 00:05:37,639 machine places the spaghetti zhan to a 103 00:05:35,449 --> 00:05:41,389 cutting table and breaks them to the 104 00:05:37,639 --> 00:05:45,199 proper length the spaghetti czar now 105 00:05:41,389 --> 00:05:47,680 ready for packaging exact quantities to 106 00:05:45,199 --> 00:05:50,389 be bagged are determined by computer 107 00:05:47,680 --> 00:05:52,629 then the spaghetti zko gently down this 108 00:05:50,389 --> 00:05:52,629 chute 109 00:05:53,319 --> 00:05:58,838 these techniques have evolved over time 110 00:05:56,120 --> 00:06:14,240 but the main ingredient remains the same 111 00:05:58,838 --> 00:06:16,899 imagination don't you do by tisha scroll 112 00:06:14,240 --> 00:06:16,900 down here